Riflessioni sul Perdono, sulla Dignità e sulla Riconciliazione
Leonel Narvàez Gomez
1. I negoziati di pace, generalmente, sono incentrati sulle dimensioni politica ed economica. Quale è la Sua percezione della necessità di toccare aspetti più profondi e genuini della riconciliazione e come si può ottenere questo?
Conflict and violence do not only result from objective factors(socio-economic and political) but subjective factors too, especially anger, resentment, and the desire for revenge. These factors are frequently converted into dangerous detonators of further violence. There are increasing numbers of victims or survivors of violence who, despite the fact that their objective factors (demands for truth, justice and reparation have been satisfied), continue to cultivate anger and resentment. Subjective factors demand as much attention as the objective factors. This means that in the process of peace there is need of a new ingredient: political culture of forgiveness and reconciliation. There is an urgent need to position forgiveness and reconciliation as political virtues, indispensable if victims are to recover the dignity that has been so affronted by multiple human rights abuses. Both dignity and human rights need forgiveness and reconciliation as inevitable repairing tools.
2. Quali sono le condizioni nelle quali, al di là dell’assicurare gli interessi della parti in conflitto, può essere stabilito un processo incentrato su un senso di equità e dignità?
The first condition is to create a holding environment where parties involved find that the three essential pillars of their existence are guaranteed: Security Significance of life Socialization
3. Quanto il perdono è essenziale alla dimensione della riconciliazione? Alla radice della Sua cultura politica e/o della Sua fede religiosa quali sono i principi che implicano o escludono il perdono? Quali versi o detti che fanno parte del Suo personale patrimonio spirituale possono, nella sua opinione, avere un significato universale
Our 10 years experience in Colombia and other Latin American Countries shows that true reconciliation is not possible without a process of forgiveness. Forgiveness is the hermeneutical exercise designed to untangle the unwelcome memories of the past and to construct new narratives and new meanings in the lives of the parts involved. If a person is not able to forgive, then that person remains slaved in the ungrateful memory of the past.
4. Il perdono richiede qualche forma di pentimento da parte di coloro a cui il perdono viene offerto? Il perdono ha condizioni o è senza condizioni?
Against the irrationality of violence we need to propose the irrationality of forgiveness and reconciliation.
Which verses or sayings that are part of your personal spiritual heritage could in your opinion have a universal significance?
- Without forgiveness there is no future (D. Tutu).
- Forgiveness is the ecology of the soul.
- Forgiveness is not only a religious resource but also a political virtue (H. Arendt).
- Humanity has to move from homo sapiens to homo reparans.