Riflessioni sul Perdono, sulla Dignità e sulla Riconciliazione
Latifah Anum Siregar
1. I negoziati di pace, generalmente, sono incentrati sulle dimensioni politica ed economica. Quale è la Sua percezione della necessità di toccare aspetti più profondi e genuini della riconciliazione e come si può ottenere questo?
Reconciliation has to be geared from pure initiative from different parties to bring reconciliation or reformation which has been the common idealization of just and peace life into reality. People may have different political or economic wills; however, to develop the life, people need a creation of just, peaceful and dignified life. Reconciliation really depends on more localized needs and values. Thus, the form of reconciliation should not be generalized to any places. Reconciliation can be general and universal which may be helpful but in certain places this kind of reconciliation may cause difficulties to the process of reconciliation its substance is not properly understood
2. Quali sono le condizioni nelle quali, al di là dell’assicurare gli interessi della parti in conflitto, può essere stabilito un processo incentrato su un senso di equità e dignità?
Reconciliation should accommodate parties who are considered victims. Reconciliation is not bound to time or certain activities, rather time and the activities should complement each other. Reconciliation should better accommodate any parties’ interests, which is formulated into common interest in that all parties involved may know that their existence is appreciated and the collective living can be carried on.
3. Quanto il perdono è essenziale alla dimensione della riconciliazione? Alla radice della Sua cultura politica e/o della Sua fede religiosa quali sono i principi che implicano o escludono il perdono? Quali versi o detti che fanno parte del Suo personale patrimonio spirituale possono, nella sua opinione, avere un significato universale
Forgiveness needs time and process. Forgiveness needs willingness from people who are the victims to accept people who once harmed them. The holy book of Islam, Koran, mentions many times that God is all-forgiving and all-accepting of any repentance. Islam also teaches that the main principle of a prayer is asking for God’s forgiveness and the way to rebuild life is by forgiving each other. People may have different views of life that may create conflicts. If we do not understand and forgive each other, life in the earth is diminishing and it is getting harder to achieve the needs. Forgiveness means to open and give chances to come into life more peacefully.
4. Il perdono richiede qualche forma di pentimento da parte di coloro a cui il perdono viene offerto? Il perdono ha condizioni o è senza condizioni?
Forgiveness does not require repentance; forgiveness is offered by parties who are being the victim of a crime event. Forgiveness is built upon certain conditions which usually initiated by great anger and loose of control, even worse if it deals with death. The conditions offered are in the form of compensation and rehabilitation. Nevertheless, forgiveness is still open to parties who are in guilty when they want to confess and compensate their guiltiness. In Papua it is common that people who take blames should make compensation or pay compensation/fine. The compensation can not only be directed to the victim’s family but to people who may take the impact of a crime. The forms and amount of the compensation are decided collectively as well as a proper time to perform the reconciliation.
My suggestion: One important thing we should be aware is that in its nature guilt, in many places, has different definitions and classifications since some places many consider certain things acceptable while other places may think detrimental and embarrassing in the victim’s perspective. Hence, forgiveness needs a long process and certain people who act as mediators. This is done to bring in wider communication and common understanding because some people may not have desire to bring back an event into discussion at all while some may need to be involved and brought into the discussion.
Those who are involved in the discussion have to be those who are truly given mandate by the victim and community around the victims who take the impact because forgiveness is a social matter which requires many parties. In certain communities, families or relatives who receive an impact of an event usually have principle roles to influence how the victim makes any decision. In this way, forgiveness may take longer since many parties may be involved in the reconciliation process.