Riflessioni sul Perdono, sulla Dignità e sulla Riconciliazione
Asha Hagi Elmi Amin

1. I negoziati di pace, generalmente, sono incentrati sulle dimensioni politica ed economica. Quale è la Sua percezione della necessità di toccare aspetti più profondi e genuini della riconciliazione e come si può ottenere questo?
Waging war itself is a lucrative business for power and economy gain. To succeed this selfish end the price is paid by innocent victims-the people. The price is not only lost of life and properties but also the whole frame of social fabric is destroyed. Among them are all social service system-education, employment, etc.
To add injury to insult the perpetuators those who caused the human suffering – by design-usually they are entitled to sit the negotiation table first. Therefore, they don’t care about others but they focus on their pursuits: power & economy because it is their platform.
In ref to my experience, that why I always advocate that peace talks / negotiations include civic actors as part of the victims and to speak for the victims about the socio-economic issues (on the table) destroyed by the war-wagers [to touch deeper].
My advice: is to change the design and call for all-inclusive participatory approach, issue centered, and people-oriented outcomes.
2. Quali sono le condizioni nelle quali, al di là dell’assicurare gli interessi della parti in conflitto, può essere stabilito un processo incentrato su un senso di equità e dignità?
I think this is correlated to the 1st question. Please see the last paragraph on my advice.
3. Quanto il perdono è essenziale alla dimensione della riconciliazione? Alla radice della Sua cultura politica e/o della Sua fede religiosa quali sono i principi che implicano o escludono il perdono? Quali versi o detti che fanno parte del Suo personale patrimonio spirituale possono, nella sua opinione, avere un significato universale
I believe that forgiveness is a principal dimension of reconciliation. I believe no reconciliation without forgiveness and no future with out reconciliation.
Prior to the 1980s, forgiveness was a practice primarily left to matters of faith.
One of the moral traits recommended in the Qur’an is forgiveness:
“Hold to forgiveness, command what is right, and turn away from the ignorant.” (Qur’an, 7: 199)
In another verse Allah commands: “… They should rather pardon and overlook. Would you not love Allah to forgive you? Allah is Ever-Forgiving, Most Merciful.” (Qur’an, 24:22)
Those who do not abide by the moral values of the Qur’an find it very difficult to forgive others. Because, they are easily angered by any error committed. However, Allah has advised the faithful that forgiveness is more proper:
“The repayment of a bad action is one equivalent to it. But if someone pardons and puts things right, his reward is with Allah…” (Qur’an, 42:40)
“…. But if you pardon and exonerate and forgive, Allah is Ever-Forgiving, Most Merciful.” (Qur’an, 64: 14)
It has also been revealed in the Qur’an that forgiveness is a superior moral trait: “But if someone is steadfast and forgives, that is the most resolute course to follow.” (Qur’an, 42:43) For that reason, believers are forgiving, compassionate and tolerant people who, as revealed in the Qur’an, “control their rage and pardon other people.” (Qur’an, 3:134)
Finally: Since all religious teachings have deep sense of reconciliation and forgiveness it should be capitalized on and used as a tool.
4. Il perdono richiede qualche forma di pentimento da parte di coloro a cui il perdono viene offerto? Il perdono ha condizioni o è senza condizioni?
Forgiveness require some form of repentance and show of regrets. Regarding the conditionality it is not always unconditional at least the person should express that he / she may not do it again.
In practical terms, it may be necessary for the offender to offer some form of acknowledgement, apology and / or restitution, or even just ask for forgiveness, in order for the wronged person to believe himself able to forgive.
Studies show that people who forgive are happier and healthier than those who hold resentments.